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The first day's training focused on one-on-one air combat between different aircraft types. As fighters from both air forces took off in succession, pilots engaged in intense confrontations under realistic combat scenarios, the CCTV News military channel reported.
Before the flight training, Chinese and Egyptian pilots delivered briefings on their respective aircraft capabilities. The two sides then held in-depth discussions on the exercise subjects, clarifying flight safety rules, airspace regulations, takeoff and landing procedures and emergency response plans, said the report.
"The China-Egypt joint air training is progressing from basic one-on-one and two-on-two air combat to more systematic joint operations. As mutual understanding between pilots grows, they can more effectively exchange tactical concepts and operational techniques, which helps enhance the technical and tactical proficiency of both sides," Shen Hao, a member of a PLA Air Force unit, was quoted as saying by the PLA Air Force in a press release on Monday.
Egypt's Ministry of Defense spokesperson posted on social media platform X on Saturday that the joint training between China and Egypt had commenced, releasing images of the participating aircraft - Egypt's MiG-29 and Rafale fighters, and China's J-16 fighter.
Wang Yanan, editor-in-chief of the Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told the Global Times on Monday that this joint exercise marks the first time China has deployed the J-16 and the first time Egypt's Rafale fighters have participated, a development worth noting. It reflects a relatively high level of mutual trust between the two militaries and a substantial standard of joint training.
Apart from the French military, India and Egypt are some of its main users. This presents a rare opportunity for China to gain familiarity with the Rafale in a joint training setting. As a flagship product of Dassault Aviation, the Rafale represents a major design philosophy of advanced European aerospace equipment, Wang said.
Although the J-16, deployed by China for this long-range training mission in Egypt, evolved from the original Soviet-era platform, it has been completely transformed and now plays a key role within China's aviation system. Capable of carrying a variety of munitions, it can perform electronic warfare, ground strikes and long-range air-to-air combat, making it a highly versatile platform, Wang explained.
Song Zhongping, a Chinese military affairs expert, told the Global Times previously that the J-16 heavy fighter jets' first participation in the China-Egypt joint air force training exercise marks an upgrade from 2025's deployment of medium-sized J-10Cs in the drill, reflecting broader and more advanced overseas training by the PLA Air Force.
The two aircraft belong to the same generation, but the Rafale's overall combat capabilities may not be as comprehensive as those of the J-16, which has been continuously upgraded as part of China's aviation system development, Wang said.
Wang noted that the main objectives are to enhance mutual trust and familiarity with each other's equipment, understanding flight performance, medium- and close-range maneuverability and basic weapon configurations.
Moreover, as the Rafale is also deployed in countries neighboring China, understanding its performance characteristics through joint training holds practical significance for the country, Wang added.
"The Egyptian pilots' rigorous training discipline, close coordination and solid technical skills left a deep impression on us. Through mutual learning and close exchanges during the exercise, we not only strengthened our bonds but also improved our technical and tactical capabilities together. Joint training with foreign forces has provided a valuable platform for our pilots to sharpen their skills," Ning Yiming, a member of a PLA Air Force unit, was quoted by the PLA Air Force as saying.
The opening ceremony of the joint training was held on Friday. Commanders from both sides delivered speeches, reviewing the history of air force exchanges between the two countries and the achievements of the first joint exercise in 2025. They outlined the objectives of this year's training and expressed hopes that participating personnel would seize the opportunity to learn from each other, build mutual trust and carry forward their traditional friendship, PLA Air Force said.
。 AI摘要 商务部等9部门发文激发县域消费。福建将结合产业优势，推动“以产促消”，因地制宜引导沿海提质、山区特色发展，促进文旅商融合，把流量变留量，释放县域消费潜力，助推高质量发展。 《福建日报》2026年8月23日第01版 东南网8月23日讯（福建日报记者 马丹凤）县域一头连着城市，一头连着乡村，是畅通城乡经济循环的重要节点，也是释放消费潜力的重要空间。近日，商务部等9部门联合印发《关于进一步激发下沉市场活力 活跃县域消费的意见》，提出6方面18条举措，为释放县域消费潜力明确了路径。对福建而言，激活县域消费，是顺应消费升级趋势的主动选择，也是推动县域经济高质量发展的重要抓手。 细读《意见》，有几个信号值得把握。
二 | 县域消费正在从“买得到”迈向“买得好”“体验优”。
三 | 随着互联网、物流体系不断完善，城乡消费边界逐步缩小，县域居民对品牌、品质、服务和消费体验提出了更高要求。《意见》提出推动县域商业业态创新和品牌打造、优化商品和服务供给，明确要求“同品同款商品城乡‘同质同享’”，正是回应消费升级趋势，纠正把下沉市场简单等同于低价市场的惯性思维。 激活县域消费，因地制宜、分类施策是关键。我国县域数量多、差异大，不同地方在人口规模、产业基础、资源禀赋等方面各有特点。商务部有关负责人明确，人口密集、经济实力强的县域重在“提质”和“引领”，基础较好的县域重在“固本挖潜”和“特色赋能”，人口较少、经济体量较小的县域重在“兜底”和“保障”。 县域消费的活跃，离不开发展基础的支撑。
四 | 消费不是孤立的一环，产业兴起来、就业稳下来、居民收入增加，消费扩容才有坚实基础。《意见》提出增强消费保障能力、强化要素集成和营商环境建设，正是着眼于推动“增收—就业—产业—消费”形成良性循环，而非追求短期刺激。
五 | 激活县域消费，福建有底气。2025年福建全省千亿元县（市、区）总数攀升至19个，两成以上县（市、区）实现经济总量突破千亿元大关，晋江、福清等11个县（市、区）入选2025赛迪全国县域经济百强。但也要清醒地看到，福建山海之间差异明显，沿海强县与山区县在人口规模、商业配套、供给质量上落差犹存，激活县域消费不能用一把尺子量到底。
六 | 晋江2026年元旦春节促销费活动。图源：晋江经济报 以产促消，把产业链优势转化为消费底气。用好“四链”融合机制，进一步做强县域重点产业链，让产业工人和返乡创业人员在家门口稳定就业、安心消费。同时，让特色产业从生产端走向消费端。晋江鞋服、德化陶瓷、安溪茶产业等，不仅是产业名片，也可以成为消费场景。推动特色产业与商业、文旅、电商融合，让产品变商品、商品变体验、体验变消费，让地方品牌真正走进居民生活。 因地制宜、各展所长。
七 | 福建山海相依，各地资源禀赋不同，激活消费的路径也应各具特色。
八 | 沿海强县可以围绕产业优势提升消费品质，引入优质品牌、打造特色商业街区，让县域居民共享更多高品质消费选择；山区县域则可立足生态、文化资源，补齐流通短板，发展乡村旅游、休闲康养、特色农业消费，打造“小而美”的消费目的地。 把“流量”变成“留量”。武夷山、福建土楼、茶文化、陶瓷文化等资源，不能只停留在观光层面，而要延伸到餐饮、住宿、购物、体验等环节，让“奔县”的流量真正转化为消费增量。同时，也要呵护县城烟火气，发挥老字号、小店、乡镇集市作用，让大品牌下沉与本地特色共生。 县域消费的活力，最终来自县域发展的活力。把《意见》的政策红利与福建产业优势、资源优势结合起来，八闽县域定能在扩内需、促共富的大局中走在前列，让城乡群众共享更有品质、更有尊严的消费体验。
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